Nanocomposite – InstaNANO https://instanano.com Nanotechnology at Instant Mon, 03 Oct 2022 10:49:55 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.5.3 https://instanano.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-Flaticon-32x32.png Nanocomposite – InstaNANO https://instanano.com 32 32 Reduced Graphene Oxide – Silver Nanocomposite Synthesis – rGO-Ag by using Graphene Oxide, Silver Nitrate and Hydrazine Hydrate via Chemical Reduction Method https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/reduced-graphene-oxide-silver-rgo-ag-nanocomposite-synthesis/ https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/reduced-graphene-oxide-silver-rgo-ag-nanocomposite-synthesis/#respond Fri, 09 Sep 2022 09:37:46 +0000 https://instanano.com/?p=10648

Reduced Graphene Oxide – Silver (rGO-Ag) Nanocomposite Synthesis by using Graphene Oxide as precursor, Silver Nitrate as precursor and Hydrazine Hydrate as reducing agent via Chemical Reduction Method.

  1. CHECK LIST
    Graphene Oxide (GO), Silver Nitrate, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrazine Hydrate, Deionized Water, RB Flask, Dropper, Magnetic Stirrer.

  2. STEP 1.
    Add 500mg Graphene Oxide in 150ml deionized water and sonicate for 40 minutes.

  3. STEP 2.
    Add 4g Sodium Hydroxide in 100ml deionized water.

  4. STEP 3.
    Add Sodium Hydroxide solution (prepared in step-2) in GO solution (prepared in step-1) and sonicate again for 20 minutes.

  5. STEP 4.
    Add 50mg Silver Acetate in 100ml deionized water.

  6. STEP 5.
    Add Silver Acetate solution (prepared in step-4) in GO solution solution (prepared in step-3).

  7. STEP 6.
    Add 3ml (of 10%) Hydrazine Hydrate and setup reflux at 80ºC for 24 hours.

  8. STEP 7.
    After 24 hours remove the reflux; filter out the rGO/Ag composite; and wash with deionized water several times.

  9. RESULTS
    Reduced Graphene Oxide colour would be black; Raman spectroscopy will show a peak around 440cm-1. You will also get a peak around 380nm and 420nm in UV-Vis Spectrosocpy.

  10. Factors Affecting Synthesis
    Concentration of Graphene Oxide: The first main ingredient for the synthesis of rGO/Ag composite is Graphene Oxide. As much concentration we take initially, that much amount rGO we get at the end of the process. But much higher amount of Graphene Oxide can leads to incomplete reduction and thus bad quality final product.
    Concentration of Silver Precursor: Second main salt in this synthesis is Silver Nitrate. If concentrate of Silver Nitrate is increased, then amount of reducing agent (i.e. Hydrazine Hydrate) should also be increased. Much higher concentration of Silver Nitrate will lead to bigger particles of Silver in the final composite.
    Concentration of Hydrazine Hydrate: Hydrazine Hydrate acts as the reducing agent in synthesis method. For the optimum reduction of Graphene Oxide and Silver Nitrate, optimum quantity of Hydrazine Hydrate is properly needed.
    Effect of Temperature: Temperature plays an important role in speeding up any reaction. High temperature synthesis give us fine product quality by consuming less time.
    Why Reflux: Reflux is a very good technique, when we want to give temperature to the solvents just below their boiling point. In this synthesis method, if we do not use reflux and direct heat the solution for 24 hours. Then all the water will be evaporated within few hours and only solid non-reduced GO will be left in the RB flask.

  11. NOTE: All the experiments should be done under the guidance of lab Incharge; and proper lab safety instructions.

]]> https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/reduced-graphene-oxide-silver-rgo-ag-nanocomposite-synthesis/feed/ 0 Reduced Graphene Oxide – Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Synthesis – rGO-ZnO by using Graphene Oxide, Zinc Acetate and Hydrazine Hydrate via Chemical Reduction Method https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/rgo-zno-1/ https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/rgo-zno-1/#respond Fri, 23 Apr 2021 11:58:27 +0000 https://instanano.com/?p=235

Reduced Graphene Oxide – Zinc Oxide (rGO-ZnO) Nanocomposite Synthesis by using Graphene Oxide as Precursor, Zinc Acetate as Precursor and Hydrazine Hydrate as Reducing Agent via Chemical Reduction Method

  1. CHECK LIST
    Graphene Oxide (GO), Zinc Acetate (Or Zinc Nitrate), Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrazine Hydrate, Deionized Water, Sonicator, Magnetic Stirrer, RB Flask.

  2. STEP 1.
    Add 500mg Graphene Oxide in 150ml deionized water and sonicate for 40 minutes.

  3. STEP 2.
    Add 4g Sodium Hydroxide in 100ml deionized water.

  4. STEP 3.
    Add Sodium Hydroxide solution (prepared in step-2) in GO solution (prepared in step-1) and sonicate again for 20 minutes.

  5. STEP 4.
    Add 2g Zinc Acetate in 100ml deionized water.

  6. STEP 5.
    Add Zinc Acetate solution (prepared in step-4) in GO solution solution (prepared in step-3).

  7. STEP 6.
    Add 3ml (of 10%) Hydrazine Hydrate and setup reflux at 80ºC for 24 hours.

  8. STEP 7.
    After 24 hours remove the reflux; filter out the rGO/ZnO composite; and wash with deionized water several times.

  9. RESULTS
    Reduced Graphene Oxide colour would be black; Raman spectroscopy will show a peak around 440cm-1. You will also get a peak around 380nm in UV-Vis Spectrosocpy.

  10. Factors Affecting Synthesis
    Concentration of Graphene Oxide: The first main ingredient for the synthesis of rGO/ZnO composite is Graphene Oxide. As much concentration we take initially, that much amount rGO we get at the end of the process. But much higher amount of Graphene Oxide can leads to incomplete reduction and thus bad quality final product.
    Concentration of Zinc Precursor: Second main salt in this synthesis is Zinc Acetate (Or Zinc Nitrate). If concentrate of Zinc Acetate is increased, then amount of reducing agent (i.e. Hydrazine Hydrate) should also be increased. Much higher concentration of Zinc Acetate will lead to bigger particles of Zinc Oxide in the final composite.
    Concentration of Hydrazine Hydrate: Hydrazine Hydrate acts as the reducing agent in synthesis method. For the optimum reduction of Graphene Oxide and Zinc Acetate, optimum quantity of Hydrazine Hydrate is properly needed.
    Effect of Temperature: Temperature plays an important role in speeding up any reaction. High temperature synthesis give us fine product quality by consuming less time.
    Why Reflux: Reflux is a very good technique, when we want to give temperature to the solvents just below their boiling point. In this synthesis method, if we do not use reflux and direct heat the solution for 24 hours. Then all the water will be evaporated within few hours and only solid non-reduced GO will be left in the RB flask.

  11. NOTE: All the experiments should be done under the guidance of lab Incharge; and proper lab safety instructions.

]]> https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/rgo-zno-1/feed/ 0 Zirconium Diboride Nanoparticles Synthesis – (ZrB2) by using Zirconium Propoxide, Boric Acid, Sucrose and Acetic Acid via Sol-gel Method https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/zirconium-diboride-nanoparticles-1/ https://instanano.com/all/nanomaterial-synthesis/nanocomposite/zirconium-diboride-nanoparticles-1/#comments Fri, 23 Apr 2021 12:19:27 +0000 https://instanano.com/?p=261

Zirconium Diboride (ZrB2) Nanoparticles Synthesis by using Zirconium Propoxide as precursor, Boric Acid, Sucrose and Acetic Acid via Sol-gel Method

  1. CHECK LIST
    Zirconium Propoxide (Zr(OPr)4), Boric Acid (H3BO3), Sucrose (C12H22O11), Acetic Acid (CH3COOH), Methanol (CH3OH), Acetylacetone (C5H8O2), Deionized Water, RB Flask, Dropper, Magnetic stirrer, Furnace.

  2. STEP 1.
    Add 6.3ml Zirconium Propoxide and 1.2ml Acetylacetone in 25ml of Methanol. Stirrer it at room temperature.

  3. STEP 2.
    Add 4ml of water dropwise and stirrer for 30 minutes at room temperature.

  4. STEP 3.
    Add 2.5g Boric Acid and 2.9g Sucrose in 45ml of Acetic Acid in another RB flask. Stirrer for 30 minutes a 80°C.

  5. STEP 4.
    Add Zirconium Propoxide solution (prepared in step-2) into Boric Acid solution (prepared in step-3) and stirrer for 4 hours at 60°C to form the wet gel.

  6. STEP 5.
    Dry the formed wet gel at 120°C for 3 hours to form the final precursor.

  7. STEP 6.
    Now grind the dried sample with mortar-pestle. And Calcine it at 1550°C for 4 hours at a slow ramping rate of 2-3°C/min.

  8. RESULTS
    Finally, Zirconium Diboride (ZrB2) Nanoparticles are formed as Gray color after calcination.

  9. Factors Affecting Synthesis
    Calcination (in STEP 6) can also be done in 3 steps. First 30-800°C with 5°C/min, then 800-1200°C with 3°C/min for 2 hours and finally 1200-1550°C with 2°C/min for another 2 hours. Cooling rate should be 5°C/min. This elaborated calcination can increase the crystallinity of the formed Zirconium Diboride (ZrB2) Nanoparticles.

  10. NOTE: All the experiments should be done under the guidance of lab Incharge; and proper lab safety instructions.

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